Polity Succeeding Entity List
A viewset for viewing and editing Polity Succeeding Entities.
GET /api/general/polity-succeeding-entities/?format=api&page=3
{ "count": 457, "next": "https://seshat-db.com/api/general/polity-succeeding-entities/?format=api&page=4", "previous": "https://seshat-db.com/api/general/polity-succeeding-entities/?format=api&page=2", "results": [ { "id": 101, "polity": { "id": 153, "name": "id_iban_1", "long_name": "Iban - Pre-Brooke", "start_year": 1650, "end_year": 1841 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Brooke Raj", "comment": null, "description": " Under Brooke Raj rule, the governed Iban communities remained relatively autonomous in the regulation of local matters, although a colonial administrative structure was superimposed onto the Iban system of independent small villages. The White Rajahs sought to suppress infighting and mobilize Iban communities for their own military interests: 'In the present day, under the rule of Rajah Brooke, no Sea Dyaks may go out on a fighting expedition unless called out for that purpose by the Government. I remember not long ago that there were some rebels in the upper reaches of the Batang Lupar River, who had been guilty of many murders, and would not submit to the Government. After trying milder measures without any effect, it was decided to take a force into their country, and the Government sent round the War Spear to let the people of the different villages know they were to be ready to go on expedition at a certain date.' §REF§Gomes, Edwin H. 1911. “Seventeen Years Among The Sea Dyaks Of Borneo: A Record Of Intimate Association With The Natives Of The Bornean Jungles\", 77§REF§ 'Recurring hostility between the Brookes and the highest ranking Malays, who were “Arabs” and Brunei pengiran, grew out of rivalry, and the rivalry was in no small measure a contest for influence over the Iban population, as the history of the Malay Plot demonstrates. The Ibans were of central political importance because they loved to fight simply for the sake of fighting. The success of Charles Brooke with Iban levies from the lower Skrang and Saribas has already been described, but it is obvious that at this stage in Sarawak history, calling out the Ibans was still a game that more than one could play. At the time of the Chinese revolt in 1857, Charles had summoned his Skrang followers to the aid of besieged Kuching by sending a spear among them. Three years later the Brookes indignantly accused Sharif Masahor of using exactly the same tactic in the same area to call out hostile Ibans to fight the Rajah after the siege of Mukah. Well into the twentieth century, as we shall see, the dispatch of a “calling out spear” remained the standard official method of summoning Ibans for unpaid military service.' §REF§Pringle, Robert Maxwell 1968. “Ibans Of Sarawak Under Brooke Rule, 1841-1941”, 201§REF§ But the allegiance of the Iban subject population to Brooke authority was loose and ambiguous: 'Friendly Ibans were frequently able to manipulate Residents, who depended on them for information as well as for striking power. A classic case of confusion took place in 1879 in the Second Division, when the Resident, F.R.O. Maxwell, entrusted a Government spear to a visiting Iban headman from the Kantu River in Dutch Borneo. Maxwell asked this man to deliver a message to another headman on the Skrang River, who was supposed to report to Fort Alice. In this case the spear was merely a token of Government authority, according to Maxwell's account, but it was also the sign commonly employed to raise forces for an expedition. Instead of using it to summon the man Maxwell wanted to see, his messenger called out a large force of Skrang warriors and led them in an attack on certain enemies in the upper Batang Lupar. The Resident then demanded a heavy fine from the Skrang leaders, charging that they should have known better, Government spear or no, than to follow a spurious call to arms. But they refused to pay the fine, and made threats against the Government. Eventually Maxwell had to send two large punitive expeditions into the Skrang River to restore Brooke authority. He blamed the whole affair on the principal Skrang headman, Kedu (Lang Ngindang).' §REF§Pringle, Robert Maxwell 1968. “Ibans Of Sarawak Under Brooke Rule, 1841-1941”, 391§REF§" }, { "id": 102, "polity": { "id": 153, "name": "id_iban_1", "long_name": "Iban - Pre-Brooke", "start_year": 1650, "end_year": 1841 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "White Rajahs", "comment": null, "description": " Under Brooke Raj rule, the governed Iban communities remained relatively autonomous in the regulation of local matters, although a colonial administrative structure was superimposed onto the Iban system of independent small villages. The White Rajahs sought to suppress infighting and mobilize Iban communities for their own military interests: 'In the present day, under the rule of Rajah Brooke, no Sea Dyaks may go out on a fighting expedition unless called out for that purpose by the Government. I remember not long ago that there were some rebels in the upper reaches of the Batang Lupar River, who had been guilty of many murders, and would not submit to the Government. After trying milder measures without any effect, it was decided to take a force into their country, and the Government sent round the War Spear to let the people of the different villages know they were to be ready to go on expedition at a certain date.' §REF§Gomes, Edwin H. 1911. “Seventeen Years Among The Sea Dyaks Of Borneo: A Record Of Intimate Association With The Natives Of The Bornean Jungles\", 77§REF§ 'Recurring hostility between the Brookes and the highest ranking Malays, who were “Arabs” and Brunei pengiran, grew out of rivalry, and the rivalry was in no small measure a contest for influence over the Iban population, as the history of the Malay Plot demonstrates. The Ibans were of central political importance because they loved to fight simply for the sake of fighting. The success of Charles Brooke with Iban levies from the lower Skrang and Saribas has already been described, but it is obvious that at this stage in Sarawak history, calling out the Ibans was still a game that more than one could play. At the time of the Chinese revolt in 1857, Charles had summoned his Skrang followers to the aid of besieged Kuching by sending a spear among them. Three years later the Brookes indignantly accused Sharif Masahor of using exactly the same tactic in the same area to call out hostile Ibans to fight the Rajah after the siege of Mukah. Well into the twentieth century, as we shall see, the dispatch of a “calling out spear” remained the standard official method of summoning Ibans for unpaid military service.' §REF§Pringle, Robert Maxwell 1968. “Ibans Of Sarawak Under Brooke Rule, 1841-1941”, 201§REF§ But the allegiance of the Iban subject population to Brooke authority was loose and ambiguous: 'Friendly Ibans were frequently able to manipulate Residents, who depended on them for information as well as for striking power. A classic case of confusion took place in 1879 in the Second Division, when the Resident, F.R.O. Maxwell, entrusted a Government spear to a visiting Iban headman from the Kantu River in Dutch Borneo. Maxwell asked this man to deliver a message to another headman on the Skrang River, who was supposed to report to Fort Alice. In this case the spear was merely a token of Government authority, according to Maxwell's account, but it was also the sign commonly employed to raise forces for an expedition. Instead of using it to summon the man Maxwell wanted to see, his messenger called out a large force of Skrang warriors and led them in an attack on certain enemies in the upper Batang Lupar. The Resident then demanded a heavy fine from the Skrang leaders, charging that they should have known better, Government spear or no, than to follow a spurious call to arms. But they refused to pay the fine, and made threats against the Government. Eventually Maxwell had to send two large punitive expeditions into the Skrang River to restore Brooke authority. He blamed the whole affair on the principal Skrang headman, Kedu (Lang Ngindang).' §REF§Pringle, Robert Maxwell 1968. “Ibans Of Sarawak Under Brooke Rule, 1841-1941”, 391§REF§" }, { "id": 103, "polity": { "id": 154, "name": "id_iban_2", "long_name": "Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial", "start_year": 1841, "end_year": 1987 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Malaysia", "comment": null, "description": " After the Japanese occupation of Borneo and the termination of British and Dutch rule, the island was governed by Malaysia and the Republic of Indonesia. 'After a period of occupation by the Japanese (1942-45) during World War II, Indonesia declared its independence from The Netherlands in 1945. Its struggle for independence, however, continued until 1949, when the Dutch officially recognized Indonesian sovereignty. It was not until the United Nations (UN) acknowledged the western segment of New Guinea as part of Indonesia in 1969 that the country took on its present form.' §REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia</a>§REF§ 'Malaysia, a member of the Commonwealth, represents the political marriage of territories that were formerly under British rule. When it was established on Sept. 16, 1963, Malaysia comprised the territories of Malaya (now Peninsular Malaysia), the island of Singapore, and the colonies of Sarawak and Sabah in northern Borneo.' §REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia</a>§REF§" }, { "id": 104, "polity": { "id": 154, "name": "id_iban_2", "long_name": "Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial", "start_year": 1841, "end_year": 1987 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Indonesia", "comment": null, "description": " After the Japanese occupation of Borneo and the termination of British and Dutch rule, the island was governed by Malaysia and the Republic of Indonesia. 'After a period of occupation by the Japanese (1942-45) during World War II, Indonesia declared its independence from The Netherlands in 1945. Its struggle for independence, however, continued until 1949, when the Dutch officially recognized Indonesian sovereignty. It was not until the United Nations (UN) acknowledged the western segment of New Guinea as part of Indonesia in 1969 that the country took on its present form.' §REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia</a>§REF§ 'Malaysia, a member of the Commonwealth, represents the political marriage of territories that were formerly under British rule. When it was established on Sept. 16, 1963, Malaysia comprised the territories of Malaya (now Peninsular Malaysia), the island of Singapore, and the colonies of Sarawak and Sabah in northern Borneo.' §REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia</a>§REF§" }, { "id": 105, "polity": { "id": 46, "name": "id_buni", "long_name": "Java - Buni Culture", "start_year": -400, "end_year": 500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Kalingga Kingdom", "comment": null, "description": " The most direct link to Buni culture was probably to be found in the Tarumanagara Kingdom of West Java, founded in 358 C.E. However, the first polity to have significant jurisdiction in Central Java is widely understood to be the Kalingga Kingdom." }, { "id": 106, "polity": { "id": 47, "name": "id_kalingga_k", "long_name": "Kalingga Kingdom", "start_year": 500, "end_year": 732 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Medang Kingdom", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 107, "polity": { "id": 49, "name": "id_kediri_k", "long_name": "Kediri Kingdom", "start_year": 1049, "end_year": 1222 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Singhasari Kingdom", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 108, "polity": { "id": 50, "name": "id_majapahit_k", "long_name": "Majapahit Kingdom", "start_year": 1292, "end_year": 1518 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Demak Sultanate", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 109, "polity": { "id": 48, "name": "id_medang_k", "long_name": "Medang Kingdom", "start_year": 732, "end_year": 1019 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Kahuripan Kingdom", "comment": null, "description": " Airlangga managed to reunite central and eastern Java after its disintegration into several petty kingdoms following the destruction of the Medang capital in 1006. §REF§(Jordaan 2007, 326)§REF§" }, { "id": 110, "polity": { "id": 103, "name": "il_canaan", "long_name": "Canaan", "start_year": -2000, "end_year": -1175 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Ancient Phoenicia", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 111, "polity": { "id": 110, "name": "il_judea", "long_name": "Yehuda", "start_year": -141, "end_year": -63 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Late Roman Republic", "comment": null, "description": " Two brothers of the Hasmonean dynasty, King Hyrcanus II and Aristobulus II, contended for the throne in continual civil wars and intrigues from 67-63 BCE. Finally each appealed to the Romans in Syria under Pompey the Great to intervene on his side.§REF§E.g. Josephus, cited in Eshel (2008:140).§REF§ Pompey, seeing the opportunity, intervened on the side of the ineffectual Hyrcanus, besieged Jerusalem and took it in 63 BCE, and absorbed Judea into the Roman Empire as a protectorate." }, { "id": 112, "polity": { "id": 105, "name": "il_yisrael", "long_name": "Yisrael", "start_year": -1030, "end_year": -722 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Neo-Assyrian Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 113, "polity": { "id": 92, "name": "in_badami_chalukya_emp", "long_name": "Chalukyas of Badami", "start_year": 543, "end_year": 753 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Rashtrakuta Empire", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§H. Kadambi, Negotiated Pasts and Memorialized Present in Ancient India, in N. Yoffee (ed), Negotiating the Past in the Past (2008), p. 158§REF§." }, { "id": 114, "polity": { "id": 94, "name": "in_kalyani_chalukya_emp", "long_name": "Chalukyas of Kalyani", "start_year": 973, "end_year": 1189 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Hoysala Empire", "comment": null, "description": " Kalachuris; Yadavas; Hoysalas For a few decades in the twelfth century (c. 1157-1184 §REF§Suryanatha Kamath, A Concise History of Karnataka (1980), p. 113-115§REF§), the Chalukya Empire was briefly under the rule of a subordinate dynasty who successfully rebelled, the Kalachuris. Shortly after regaining power over their land, the Chalukyas lost it again, this time to the Yadavas in the North and the Hoysalas in the South §REF§H.V. Sreenivasa Murthy and R. Ramakrishnan, A History of Karnataka (1978), pp. 96§REF§." }, { "id": 115, "polity": { "id": 86, "name": "in_deccan_ia", "long_name": "Deccan - Iron Age", "start_year": -1200, "end_year": -300 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Mauryan Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 116, "polity": { "id": 88, "name": "in_post_mauryan_k", "long_name": "Post-Mauryan Kingdoms", "start_year": -205, "end_year": -101 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Satavahana Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 117, "polity": { "id": 85, "name": "in_deccan_nl", "long_name": "Deccan - Neolithic", "start_year": -2700, "end_year": -1200 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Deccan - Iron Age", "comment": null, "description": " §REF§P. Johansen, The politics of of spatial renovation: Reconfiguring ritual practices in Iron Age and Early Historic South India (2014), Journal of Social Archaeology 0:0, pp. 1-28§REF§" }, { "id": 118, "polity": { "id": 111, "name": "in_achik_1", "long_name": "Early A'chik", "start_year": 1775, "end_year": 1867 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "British Colonial India", "comment": null, "description": " ‘After settling in the hills, Garos initially had no close and constant contact with the inhabitants of the adjoining plains. In 1775-76 the Zamindars of Mechpara and Karaibari (at present in the Goalpara and Dhubri districts of Assam) led expeditions onto the Garo hills. The first contact with British colonialists was in 1788, and the area was brought under administrative control in the year 1873.’ §REF§Roy, Sankar Kumar: eHRAF Cultural Summary for the Garo§REF§ During the 19th century, the Indian subcontinent was subject to increasing colonial influence, ‘a process that culminated in the decline of the ruling Muslim elite and absorption of the subcontinent within the British Empire. Direct administration by the British, which began in 1858, effected a political and economic unification of the subcontinent. When British rule came to an end in 1947, the subcontinent was partitioned along religious lines into two separate countries-India, with a majority of Hindus, and Pakistan, with a majority of Muslims; the eastern portion of Pakistan later split off to form Bangladesh. Many British institutions stayed in place (such as the parliamentary system of government)’ §REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/place/India\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.britannica.com/place/India</a>§REF§" }, { "id": 119, "polity": { "id": 112, "name": "in_achik_2", "long_name": "Late A'chik", "start_year": 1867, "end_year": 1956 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Republic of India", "comment": null, "description": " ‘Even after the Britishers left India, the administration of justice was carried on in the same pattern till the Autonomous District Council came into existence in 1952. Acting under Paragraph 4(4) of the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India, the Garo Hills Autonomous District Council framed the Garo Hills Autonomous District (Administration of Justice) Rules, 1953. This contains provisions for the constitution of village councils, District Council Courts, Subordinate District Council Courts and Village Courts with powers and jurisdiction to try suits and cases.’ §REF§Marak, Kumie R. 1997. “Traditions And Modernity In Matrilineal Tribal Society”, 56§REF§ Garo Hills district was initially administered as part of the state of Assam: ‘Till 1969, the Garo Hills District was part of state of Assam but in that year an autonomous State of Meghalaya was formed within the State of Assam as provided by section 3(1) of Assam Reorganization (Meghalaya) Act, 1969 (55 of 1969). In pursuance of that Act, the Rules of 1937 and 1953 were adopted by the Meghalaya Adaptation of Laws (whole paragraph no. 1) of 1973 issued under section 79 of that Act. The Government of Assam acting under paragraph 4(3) of Sixth Schedule to the Constitution of India, issued the Assam High Court (Jurisdiction over District Council Courts) Order, 1954. The order is material for ascertaining the position as to the appellate and revisional jurisdiction of the High Court of Gauhati, as regards to the Garo Hills district. This order is still in force (Sangma, J. 1973, p. 160-65).’ §REF§Marak, Kumie R. 1997. “Traditions And Modernity In Matrilineal Tribal Society”, 57§REF§ ‘The state of Meghalaya comprises the Garo, Khasi and Jaintia Hills. It is a table land which is an extension of the massive block of Indian peninsular shield separated due to denudational and tectonic forces. Goalpara and Kamrup districts of Assam on the west borders the state on the north, whereas Bangladesh international border lies in the south and the Karbi Anglong borders in the East. There is no integrated historical account of the state as the inhabitants live in different tribal groups and have varied cultural and linguistic patterns. They till recently lived in physical isolation. […] The Garo Hills became a part of Meghalaya State after the formation of Meghalaya as a state of Union of India in early 1970s.’ §REF§Marak, Kumie R. 1997. “Traditions And Modernity In Matrilineal Tribal Society”, 38§REF§ ‘The prevailing groups in the State are the Khasi, Jaintia and Garo. In an amendment made recently in the provision of Scheduled Tribe in the Constitution of India, the Rabha, the Bodo-Kachari and the Koch have been given the status of Scheduled Tribe in the State.’ §REF§Marak, Kumie R. 1997. “Traditions And Modernity In Matrilineal Tribal Society”, 38§REF§" }, { "id": 120, "polity": { "id": 95, "name": "in_hoysala_k", "long_name": "Hoysala Kingdom", "start_year": 1108, "end_year": 1346 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Vijayanagara Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 121, "polity": { "id": 91, "name": "in_kadamba_emp", "long_name": "Kadamba Empire", "start_year": 345, "end_year": 550 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Chalukyas of Badami", "comment": null, "description": " Chalukya Empire§REF§Suryanatha Kamath, A Concise History of Karnataka (1980), p. 38§REF§" }, { "id": 122, "polity": { "id": 96, "name": "in_kampili_k", "long_name": "Kampili Kingdom", "start_year": 1280, "end_year": 1327 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Vijayanagara Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 123, "polity": { "id": 87, "name": "in_mauryan_emp", "long_name": "Magadha - Maurya Empire", "start_year": -324, "end_year": -187 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Shunga Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 124, "polity": { "id": 98, "name": "in_mughal_emp", "long_name": "Mughal Empire", "start_year": 1526, "end_year": 1858 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Durrani Empire", "comment": null, "description": " Core region was lost to Durrani? Empire but Mughal state still existed in the upper Ganges valley." }, { "id": 125, "polity": { "id": 93, "name": "in_rashtrakuta_emp", "long_name": "Rashtrakuta Empire", "start_year": 753, "end_year": 973 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Chalukyas of Kalyani", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 126, "polity": { "id": 89, "name": "in_satavahana_emp", "long_name": "Satavahana Empire", "start_year": -100, "end_year": 200 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Vakataka Kingdom", "comment": null, "description": " Iskvakus; Pallavas; Chutus; Abhiras; Kurus; Vakatakas §REF§<a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524850/Satavahana-dynasty\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/524850/Satavahana-dynasty</a>§REF§" }, { "id": 127, "polity": { "id": 97, "name": "in_vijayanagara_emp", "long_name": "Vijayanagara Empire", "start_year": 1336, "end_year": 1646 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Mughal Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 128, "polity": { "id": 132, "name": "iq_abbasid_cal_1", "long_name": "Abbasid Caliphate I", "start_year": 750, "end_year": 946 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Buyid Confederation", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 129, "polity": { "id": 484, "name": "iq_abbasid_cal_2", "long_name": "Abbasid Caliphate II", "start_year": 1191, "end_year": 1258 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Il-khanate", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 130, "polity": { "id": 476, "name": "iq_akkad_emp", "long_name": "Akkadian Empire", "start_year": -2270, "end_year": -2083 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Gutian Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 131, "polity": { "id": 479, "name": "iq_babylonia_1", "long_name": "Amorite Babylonia", "start_year": -2000, "end_year": -1600 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Sealand", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 132, "polity": { "id": 342, "name": "iq_babylonia_2", "long_name": "Kassite Babylonia", "start_year": -1595, "end_year": -1150 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Middle Elamite Kingdom", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 133, "polity": { "id": 481, "name": "iq_bazi_dyn", "long_name": "Bazi Dynasty", "start_year": -1005, "end_year": -986 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Elamite Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": " \"This dynasty ruled for another twenty years (ca. 1005-985 bc). It was followed by only one king of an ‘Elamite’ dynasty, who ruled for only six years.\"§REF§(Liverani 2014, 469) Liverani, Mario. Tabatabai, Soraia trans. 2014. <i>The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy</i>. London: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7DRZQS5Q/q/liverani\" rel=\"nofollow\">https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/itemKey/7DRZQS5Q/q/liverani</a>.§REF§" }, { "id": 134, "polity": { "id": 482, "name": "iq_dynasty_e", "long_name": "Dynasty of E", "start_year": -979, "end_year": -732 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "IqNAssr", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 135, "polity": { "id": 475, "name": "iq_early_dynastic", "long_name": "Early Dynastic", "start_year": -2900, "end_year": -2500 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Akkadian Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 136, "polity": { "id": 480, "name": "iq_isin_dynasty2", "long_name": "Second Dynasty of Isin", "start_year": -1153, "end_year": -1027 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Second Sealand Dynasty", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 137, "polity": { "id": 478, "name": "iq_isin_larsa", "long_name": "Isin-Larsa", "start_year": -2004, "end_year": -1763 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "IqBabAm", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 138, "polity": { "id": 346, "name": "iq_neo_babylonian_emp", "long_name": "Neo-Babylonian Empire", "start_year": -626, "end_year": -539 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "IrAchae", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 139, "polity": { "id": 473, "name": "iq_ubaid", "long_name": "Ubaid", "start_year": -5500, "end_year": -4000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Uruk culture", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 140, "polity": { "id": 477, "name": "iq_ur_dyn_3", "long_name": "Ur - Dynasty III", "start_year": -2112, "end_year": -2004 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Isin", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 141, "polity": { "id": 474, "name": "iq_uruk", "long_name": "Uruk", "start_year": -4000, "end_year": -2900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Early Dynastic Sumer", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 142, "polity": { "id": 107, "name": "ir_achaemenid_emp", "long_name": "Achaemenid Empire", "start_year": -550, "end_year": -331 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Macedonian Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 143, "polity": { "id": 508, "name": "ir_ak_koyunlu", "long_name": "Ak Koyunlu", "start_year": 1339, "end_year": 1501 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Safavid Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 144, "polity": { "id": 487, "name": "ir_susiana_archaic", "long_name": "Susiana - Muhammad Jaffar", "start_year": -7000, "end_year": -6000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Susiana A", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 145, "polity": { "id": 495, "name": "ir_elam_1", "long_name": "Elam - Awan Dynasty I", "start_year": -2675, "end_year": -2100 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Akkadian Empire", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 146, "polity": { "id": 362, "name": "ir_buyid_confederation", "long_name": "Buyid Confederation", "start_year": 932, "end_year": 1062 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Seljuk Empire", "comment": null, "description": " Seljuks overthrew the Buyids.§REF§(Kennedy 2004, 230) Kennedy, Hugh N. 2004. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates. Second edition. Pearson Longman. Harlow.§REF§" }, { "id": 147, "polity": { "id": 502, "name": "ir_elam_8", "long_name": "Elam - Crisis Period", "start_year": -1100, "end_year": -900 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Elam - Dark Age", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 148, "polity": { "id": 486, "name": "ir_susiana_formative", "long_name": "Formative Period", "start_year": -7200, "end_year": -7000 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Archaic Period", "comment": null, "description": null }, { "id": 149, "polity": { "id": 172, "name": "ir_il_khanate", "long_name": "Ilkhanate", "start_year": 1256, "end_year": 1339 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Chobanids", "comment": null, "description": " \"Although at first the Chobanids maintained the fiction that they were vassals of the ruling house of Hülegü (Hūlāgū), after the collapse of Il-khanid authority they became effectively independent rulers of the areas that they were able to seize.\"§REF§Charles Melville and ʿAbbās Zaryāb, 'CHOBANIDS' <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/chobanids-chupanids-pers\" rel=\"nofollow\">http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/chobanids-chupanids-pers</a>§REF§" }, { "id": 150, "polity": { "id": 488, "name": "ir_susiana_a", "long_name": "Susiana A", "start_year": -6000, "end_year": -5700 }, "year_from": null, "year_to": null, "tag": "TRS", "is_disputed": false, "is_uncertain": false, "name": "Polity_succeeding_entity", "succeeding_entity": "Susiana B", "comment": null, "description": null } ] }