Section: Warfare Variables
Subsection: Military Technologies Fortifications

Complex Fortification

The absence or presence of complex fortifications as a military technology used in warfare. when there are two or more concentric walls. so simply a wall and a donjon, for example, is not enough.  

Kostis Christakis, Veronica Walker, Samantha Holder, Alicja Piślewska, Daniel Mullins, Artur Butkiewicz, Malwina Brachmanska, William Farrell, Edward A L Turner, PT, Kiran Basava, Marika Michalak, Jill Levine, Cesaretti, Aleksandra Neumannn, Alice Williams, Stephen Dean, Robert Harding, Marika Wałęga, Dan Hoyer, Marta Bartkowiak, Sal Witshire, Agathe Dupeyron, Katheriin Liibert, Giulia Nazzaro, Jedrzej Hordecki, PF, Robert Ross, Thomas Cressy, Rosalind Purcell, Agathe Dupreyon, RC, Agnieszka Marta Duda, Emilia Tomicka, Po-Ju Tuan, Katarzyna Harabasz, Eva Brandl, AP, Jenny Reddish, Natalia Szych, Enrico Cioni, Peter Rudiak-Gould, Alec Vulfson, Lottie Field, Hugh Bennett, Kalin Bullman, Gréine Jordan, Katarzyna Mich.

Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition Choices
complex_fortification The absence or presence of complex fortification for a polity. - present
- absent
- unknown
- Transitional (Absent -> Present)
- Transitional (Present -> Absent)

# Polity Year(s) Complex Fortification Description   Edit
1
(Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early)
1566 CE 1700 CE
present
None
2
(Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early)
1701 CE 1713 CE
absent
None
3
(Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period is assumed.
[-404, -342]
unknown
None
4
(Egypt - Dynasty 0)
Full Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty 0 is assumed.
[-3300, -3100]
absent
None
5
(Axum I)
Full Year Range of Axum I is assumed.
[-149, 349]
unknown
None
6
(French Kingdom - Early Bourbon)
Full Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Bourbon is assumed.
[1589, 1660]
unknown
None
7
(Ashanti Empire)
Full Year Range of Ashanti Empire is assumed.
[1701, 1895]
unknown
None
8
(British Empire II)
Full Year Range of British Empire II is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
unknown
None
9
(Archaic Crete)
Full Year Range of Archaic Crete is assumed.
[-710, -500]
absent
None
10
(Naqada I)
Full Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
absent
None
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