Section: Specialized Buildings: polity owned

Symbolic Building

Non-utilitarian constructions that display symbols, or are themselves symbols of the community or polity (or a ruler as a symbol of the polity). Examples include Taj Mahal mausoleum, Trajan's Column, Ashoka's Pillars, Qin Shih Huang's Terracota Army, the Statue of Liberty. Has to be constructed by humans, so sacred groves or mountains are not symbolic buildings. A palace is also not a symbolic building, because it has other, utilitarian functions (houses the ruler).  
Contributors: Seshat RAs and Experts
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Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
Symbolic Building The absence or presence of "Symbolic Building" for a polity.
Actual Data:
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Symbolic Building
#    Polity     Year(s)      Symbolic Building   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1 Soviet Union 1923 CE 1991 CE present Confident No Edit
2 Khwarezmid Empire * Year Range of Khwarezmid Empire is assumed.
[1157, 1231]		 present Confident No Edit
3 Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I * Year Range of Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I is assumed.
[1454, 1648]		 present Confident No Edit
4 Pandya Empire * Year Range of Pandya Empire is assumed.
[1250, 1323]		 present Confident No Edit
5 Dambadaneiya * Year Range of Dambadaneiya is assumed.
[1232, 1293]		 present Confident No Edit
6 Anurādhapura IV * Year Range of Anurādhapura IV is assumed.
[614, 1017]		 present Confident No Edit
7 Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty * Year Range of Kingdom of Bohemia - Luxembourgian and Jagiellonian Dynasty is assumed.
[1310, 1526]		 present Confident No Edit
8 Polonnaruwa * Year Range of Polonnaruwa is assumed.
[1070, 1255]		 present Confident No Edit
9 Anurādhapura III * Year Range of Anurādhapura III is assumed.
[428, 614]		 present Confident No Edit
10 Anurādhapura I * Year Range of Anurādhapura I is assumed.
[-300, 70]		 present Confident No Edit
11 Anurādhapura II * Year Range of Anurādhapura II is assumed.
[70, 428]		 present Confident No Edit
12 Ajuran Sultanate * Year Range of Ajuran Sultanate is assumed.
[1250, 1700]		 present Confident No Edit
13 Harla Kingdom * Year Range of Harla Kingdom is assumed.
[-10000, 2000]		 present Confident No Edit
14 Lombard Kingdom * Year Range of Lombard Kingdom is assumed.
[568, 774]		 present Confident No Edit
15 Us Reconstruction-Progressive * Year Range of Us Reconstruction-Progressive is assumed.
[1866, 1933]		 present Confident No Edit
16 Isaaq Sultanate * Year Range of Isaaq Sultanate is assumed.
[1300, 1886]		 present Confident No Edit
17 Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì * Year Range of Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì is assumed.
[1043, 1911]		 present Confident No Edit
18 Foys * Year Range of Foys is assumed.
[1600, 1892]		 present Confident No Edit
19 West Burkina Faso Yellow I * Year Range of West Burkina Faso Yellow I is assumed.
[100, 500]		 absent Inferred No Edit
20 Anglo-Saxon England II * Year Range of Anglo-Saxon England II is assumed.
[927, 1065]		 present Confident No Edit
21 West Burkina Faso Red II and III * Year Range of West Burkina Faso Red II and III is assumed.
[1100, 1400]		 absent Inferred No Edit
22 West Burkina Faso Red IV * Year Range of West Burkina Faso Red IV is assumed.
[1401, 1500]		 absent Inferred No Edit
23 West Burkina Faso Red I * Year Range of West Burkina Faso Red I is assumed.
[701, 1100]		 absent Inferred No Edit
24 Kanem * Year Range of Kanem is assumed.
[800, 1379]		 unknown Suspected No Edit
25 Oyo * Year Range of Oyo is assumed.
[1300, 1535]		 unknown Suspected No Edit
26 Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase * Year Range of Chaco Canyon - Late Bonito phase is assumed.
[1101, 1140]		 present Confident No Edit
27 Antebellum US * Year Range of Antebellum US is assumed.
[1776, 1865]		 present Confident No Edit
28 Late Classic Tikal * Year Range of Late Classic Tikal is assumed.
[555, 869]		 present Confident No Edit
29 Tudor and Early Stuart England * Year Range of Tudor and Early Stuart England is assumed.
[1486, 1689]		 present Confident No Edit
30 Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II * Year Range of Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II is assumed.
[1649, 1918]		 present Confident No Edit
31 Alaouite Dynasty I * Year Range of Alaouite Dynasty I is assumed.
[1631, 1727]		 present Confident No Edit
32 Armenian Kingdom * Year Range of Armenian Kingdom is assumed.
[-188, 6]		 present Confident No Edit
33 Oirats * Year Range of Oirats is assumed.
[1368, 1630]		 present Confident No Edit
34 Golden Horde * Year Range of Golden Horde is assumed.
[1240, 1440]		 present Confident No Edit
35 Saffarid Caliphate * Year Range of Saffarid Caliphate is assumed.
[861, 1003]		 present Confident No Edit
36 British Empire I * Year Range of British Empire I is assumed.
[1690, 1849]		 present Confident No Edit
37 Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period * Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Post-Kamehameha Period is assumed.
[1820, 1898]		 present Confident No Edit
38 Anglo-Saxon England I * Year Range of Anglo-Saxon England I is assumed.
[410, 926]		 present Confident No Edit
39 Napoleonic France * Year Range of Napoleonic France is assumed.
[1816, 1870]		 present Confident No Edit
40 Austro-Hungarian Monarchy * Year Range of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy is assumed.
[1867, 1918]		 present Confident No Edit
41 Hohokam Culture * Year Range of Hohokam Culture is assumed.
[300, 1500]		 Transitional (Absent -> Present) Inferred No Edit
42 British Empire IIIIIIIIII * Year Range of British Empire IIIIIIIIII is assumed.
[1850, 1968]		 present Confident No Edit
43 Qasimid Dynasty XXXXXXX * Year Range of Qasimid Dynasty XXXXXXX is assumed.
[1637, 1805]		 present Confident No Edit
44 Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty * Year Range of Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty is assumed.
[919, 1125]		 present Confident No Edit
45 Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II * Year Range of Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II is assumed.
[1776, 1917]		 present Confident No Edit
46 Plantagenet England * Year Range of Plantagenet England is assumed.
[1154, 1485]		 present Confident No Edit
47 Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I * Year Range of Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty I is assumed.
[1614, 1775]		 present Confident No Edit