Section: Social Complexity
Subsection: Postal sytems

Courier

Full-time professional couriers.  
Contributors: Jenny, Majid, Peter
Metadata:
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Variable Definition
Polity The Seshat Polity Name
Year(s) The years for which we have the data. [negative = BCE]
Confidence Inferred : The value is inferred.
Suspected : The value is suspected (Expert Check Needed).
Evidenced : The value is backed up by sufficient evidence.
Disputed? No : No disagreement among scholars.
Yes : There is disagreement among scholars.
Expert? : Not yet Checked by a Seshat Expert.
: Checked and accepted by a Seshat Expert (or RA).

Variable Definition
courier The absence or presence of courier for a polity.
Actual Data:
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# Polity   Year(s)   Courier   Confidence     Disputed?     Expert?   Edit
1
Spanish Empire II
1716 CE 1814 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
2
Soviet Union
1923 CE 1991 CE
present
 Confident No Edit
3
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
* Year Range of Greco-Bactrian Kingdom is assumed.
[-256, -125]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
4
Hephthalites
* Year Range of Hephthalites is assumed.
[408, 561]
present
 Inferred No Edit
5
Cahokia - Late Woodland III
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland III is assumed.
[600, 750]
absent
 Confident No Edit
6
Cahokia - Late Woodland I
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland I is assumed.
[300, 450]
absent
 Confident No Edit
7
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I
* Year Range of Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I is assumed.
[750, 900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
8
Sogdiana - City-States Period
* Year Range of Sogdiana - City-States Period is assumed.
[604, 711]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
9
Kidarite Kingdom
* Year Range of Kidarite Kingdom is assumed.
[388, 477]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
10
Kushan Empire
* Year Range of Kushan Empire is assumed.
[35, 319]
present
 Confident No Edit
11
Tocharians
* Year Range of Tocharians is assumed.
[-129, 29]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
12
Northern Song
* Year Range of Northern Song is assumed.
[960, 1127]
present
 Confident No Edit
13
Sui Dynasty
* Year Range of Sui Dynasty is assumed.
[581, 618]
present
 Confident No Edit
14
Badarian
* Year Range of Badarian is assumed.
[-4400, -3800]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
15
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period is assumed.
[-404, -342]
present
 Confident No Edit
16
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I is assumed.
[1260, 1348]
present
 Confident No Edit
17
Nkore
* Year Range of Nkore is assumed.
[1750, 1901]
present
 Confident No Edit
18
Foys
* Year Range of Foys is assumed.
[1600, 1892]
present
 Inferred No Edit
19
Plantagenet England
* Year Range of Plantagenet England is assumed.
[1154, 1485]
present
 Confident No Edit
20
Us Reconstruction-Progressive
* Year Range of Us Reconstruction-Progressive is assumed.
[1866, 1933]
present
 Confident No Edit
21
Antebellum US
* Year Range of Antebellum US is assumed.
[1776, 1865]
present
 Confident No Edit
22
British Empire I
* Year Range of British Empire I is assumed.
[1690, 1849]
present
 Confident No Edit
23
Napoleonic France
* Year Range of Napoleonic France is assumed.
[1816, 1870]
present
 Inferred No Edit
24
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III is assumed.
[1412, 1517]
present
 Confident No Edit
25
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
* Year Range of Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II is assumed.
[1348, 1412]
present
 Confident No Edit
26
Naqada I
* Year Range of Naqada I is assumed.
[-3800, -3550]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
27
Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Classic Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-2650, -2350]
present
 Inferred No Edit
28
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Late Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-2350, -2150]
present
 Confident No Edit
29
Egypt - Saite Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Saite Period is assumed.
[-664, -525]
present
 Confident No Edit
30
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period is assumed.
[-1069, -747]
present
 Inferred No Edit
31
Beaker Culture
* Year Range of Beaker Culture is assumed.
[-3200, -2000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
32
Hallstatt A-B1
* Year Range of Hallstatt A-B1 is assumed.
[-1000, -900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
33
Early Merovingian
* Year Range of Early Merovingian is assumed.
[481, 543]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
34
Proto-Carolingian
* Year Range of Proto-Carolingian is assumed.
[687, 751]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
35
Middle Merovingian
* Year Range of Middle Merovingian is assumed.
[543, 687]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
36
French Kingdom - Late Valois
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Valois is assumed.
[1450, 1589]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
37
Archaic Crete
* Year Range of Archaic Crete is assumed.
[-710, -500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
38
Classical Crete
* Year Range of Classical Crete is assumed.
[-500, -323]
absent
 Confident No Edit
39
The Emirate of Crete
* Year Range of The Emirate of Crete is assumed.
[824, 961]
absent
 Confident No Edit
40
Final Postpalatial Crete
* Year Range of Final Postpalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1200, -1000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
41
Geometric Crete
* Year Range of Geometric Crete is assumed.
[-1000, -710]
absent
 Confident No Edit
42
Hellenistic Crete
* Year Range of Hellenistic Crete is assumed.
[-323, -69]
absent
 Confident No Edit
43
Monopalatial Crete
* Year Range of Monopalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1450, -1300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
44
Neolithic Crete
* Year Range of Neolithic Crete is assumed.
[-7000, -3000]
absent
 Confident No Edit
45
New Palace Crete
* Year Range of New Palace Crete is assumed.
[-1700, -1450]
absent
 Confident No Edit
46
The Old Palace Crete
* Year Range of The Old Palace Crete is assumed.
[-1900, -1700]
absent
 Confident No Edit
47
Postpalatial Crete
* Year Range of Postpalatial Crete is assumed.
[-1300, -1200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
48
Prepalatial Crete
* Year Range of Prepalatial Crete is assumed.
[-3000, -1900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
49
Hawaii I
* Year Range of Hawaii I is assumed.
[1000, 1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
50
Hawaii II
* Year Range of Hawaii II is assumed.
[1200, 1580]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
51
Erligang
* Year Range of Erligang is assumed.
[-1650, -1250]
present
 Inferred No Edit
52
Jin
* Year Range of Jin is assumed.
[-780, -404]
present
 Inferred No Edit
53
Jin Dynasty
* Year Range of Jin Dynasty is assumed.
[1115, 1234]
present
 Confident No Edit
54
Early Qing
* Year Range of Early Qing is assumed.
[1644, 1796]
present
 Confident No Edit
55
Tang Dynasty II
* Year Range of Tang Dynasty II is assumed.
[763, 907]
present
 Confident No Edit
56
Western Zhou
* Year Range of Western Zhou is assumed.
[-1122, -771]
present
 Inferred No Edit
57
Yangshao
* Year Range of Yangshao is assumed.
[-5000, -3000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
58
Shuar - Colonial
* Year Range of Shuar - Colonial is assumed.
[1534, 1830]
absent
 Confident No Edit
59
Shuar - Ecuadorian
* Year Range of Shuar - Ecuadorian is assumed.
[1831, 1931]
absent
 Confident No Edit
60
Egypt - Dynasty I
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty I is assumed.
[-3100, -2900]
present
 Confident No Edit
61
Egypt - Dynasty 0
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty 0 is assumed.
[-3300, -3100]
present
 Inferred No Edit
62
Ptolemaic Kingdom I
* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom I is assumed.
[-305, -217]
present
 Confident No Edit
63
Ptolemaic Kingdom II
* Year Range of Ptolemaic Kingdom II is assumed.
[-217, -30]
present
 Confident No Edit
64
Egypt - Period of the Regions
* Year Range of Egypt - Period of the Regions is assumed.
[-2150, -2016]
present
 Inferred No Edit
65
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period is assumed.
[-1720, -1567]
present
 Confident No Edit
66
Chuuk - Early Truk
* Year Range of Chuuk - Early Truk is assumed.
[1775, 1886]
absent
 Confident No Edit
67
Chuuk - Late Truk
* Year Range of Chuuk - Late Truk is assumed.
[1886, 1948]
absent
 Confident No Edit
68
Atlantic Complex
* Year Range of Atlantic Complex is assumed.
[-2200, -1000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
69
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Bourbon is assumed.
[1589, 1660]
present
 Confident No Edit
70
Proto-French Kingdom
* Year Range of Proto-French Kingdom is assumed.
[987, 1150]
present
 Confident No Edit
71
Carolingian Empire I
* Year Range of Carolingian Empire I is assumed.
[752, 840]
present
 Inferred No Edit
72
Carolingian Empire II
* Year Range of Carolingian Empire II is assumed.
[840, 987]
present
 Confident No Edit
73
Hallstatt C
* Year Range of Hallstatt C is assumed.
[-700, -600]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
74
Hallstatt D
* Year Range of Hallstatt D is assumed.
[-600, -475]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
75
La Tene C2-D
* Year Range of La Tene C2-D is assumed.
[-175, -27]
present
 Inferred No Edit
76
Hawaii III
* Year Range of Hawaii III is assumed.
[1580, 1778]
absent
 Confident No Edit
77
Chagatai Khanate
* Year Range of Chagatai Khanate is assumed.
[1263, 1402]
present
 Confident No Edit
78
Canaan
* Year Range of Canaan is assumed.
[-2000, -1175]
unknown
 Confident No Edit
79
Yisrael
* Year Range of Yisrael is assumed.
[-1030, -722]
unknown
 Confident No Edit
80
Chalukyas of Badami
* Year Range of Chalukyas of Badami is assumed.
[543, 753]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
81
Chalukyas of Kalyani
* Year Range of Chalukyas of Kalyani is assumed.
[973, 1191]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
82
Deccan - Iron Age
* Year Range of Deccan - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1200, -300]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
83
Deccan - Neolithic
* Year Range of Deccan - Neolithic is assumed.
[-2700, -1200]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
84
Hoysala Kingdom
* Year Range of Hoysala Kingdom is assumed.
[1108, 1346]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
85
Kadamba Empire
* Year Range of Kadamba Empire is assumed.
[345, 550]
present
 Inferred No Edit
86
Kampili Kingdom
* Year Range of Kampili Kingdom is assumed.
[1280, 1327]
present
 Inferred No Edit
87
Rashtrakuta Empire
* Year Range of Rashtrakuta Empire is assumed.
[753, 973]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
88
Vijayanagara Empire
* Year Range of Vijayanagara Empire is assumed.
[1336, 1646]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
89
Abbasid Caliphate II
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate II is assumed.
[1191, 1258]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
90
Early Dynastic
* Year Range of Early Dynastic is assumed.
[-2900, -2500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
91
Ubaid
* Year Range of Ubaid is assumed.
[-5500, -4201]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
92
Uruk
* Year Range of Uruk is assumed.
[-4000, -2900]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
93
Elymais II
* Year Range of Elymais II is assumed.
[25, 215]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
94
Formative Period
* Year Range of Formative Period is assumed.
[-7200, -7000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
95
Pre-Ceramic Period
* Year Range of Pre-Ceramic Period is assumed.
[-7800, -7200]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
96
Qajar
* Year Range of Qajar is assumed.
[1794, 1925]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
97
Elam - Late Sukkalmah
* Year Range of Elam - Late Sukkalmah is assumed.
[-1700, -1500]
present
 Inferred No Edit
98
Susa III
* Year Range of Susa III is assumed.
[-3100, -2675]
present
 Confident No Edit
99
Latium - Bronze Age
* Year Range of Latium - Bronze Age is assumed.
[-1800, -900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
100
Latium - Copper Age
* Year Range of Latium - Copper Age is assumed.
[-3600, -1800]
absent
 Confident No Edit
101
Ostrogothic Kingdom
* Year Range of Ostrogothic Kingdom is assumed.
[489, 554]
present
 Confident No Edit
102
Papal States - Renaissance Period
* Year Range of Papal States - Renaissance Period is assumed.
[1378, 1527]
present
 Confident No Edit
103
Exarchate of Ravenna
* Year Range of Exarchate of Ravenna is assumed.
[568, 751]
present
 Confident No Edit
104
Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity
* Year Range of Western Roman Empire - Late Antiquity is assumed.
[395, 476]
present
 Confident No Edit
105
Japan - Incipient Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Incipient Jomon is assumed.
[-13600, -9200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
106
Japan - Initial Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Initial Jomon is assumed.
[-9200, -5300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
107
Japan - Early Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Early Jomon is assumed.
[-5300, -3500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
108
Japan - Middle Jomon
* Year Range of Japan - Middle Jomon is assumed.
[-3500, -2500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
109
Kara-Khanids
* Year Range of Kara-Khanids is assumed.
[950, 1212]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
110
Western Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Western Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[582, 630]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
111
Yehuda
* Year Range of Yehuda is assumed.
[-141, -63]
present
 Inferred No Edit
112
Mahajanapada era
* Year Range of Mahajanapada era is assumed.
[-600, -324]
present
 Confident No Edit
113
Satavahana Empire
* Year Range of Satavahana Empire is assumed.
[-100, 203]
present
 Inferred No Edit
114
Vakataka Kingdom
* Year Range of Vakataka Kingdom is assumed.
[255, 550]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
115
Akkadian Empire
* Year Range of Akkadian Empire is assumed.
[-2270, -2083]
present
 Confident No Edit
116
Neo-Assyrian Empire
* Year Range of Neo-Assyrian Empire is assumed.
[-911, -612]
present
 Confident No Edit
117
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
* Year Range of Elam - Awan Dynasty I is assumed.
[-2675, -2100]
present
 Confident No Edit
118
Elam - Crisis Period
* Year Range of Elam - Crisis Period is assumed.
[-1100, -900]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
119
Elam - Igihalkid Period
* Year Range of Elam - Igihalkid Period is assumed.
[-1399, -1200]
present
 Inferred No Edit
120
Elam - Shutrukid Period
* Year Range of Elam - Shutrukid Period is assumed.
[-1199, -1100]
present
 Inferred No Edit
121
Elam II
* Year Range of Elam II is assumed.
[-743, -647]
present
 Confident No Edit
122
Sasanid Empire I
* Year Range of Sasanid Empire I is assumed.
[205, 487]
present
 Confident No Edit
123
Sasanid Empire II
* Year Range of Sasanid Empire II is assumed.
[488, 642]
present
 Confident No Edit
124
Elam - Shimashki Period
* Year Range of Elam - Shimashki Period is assumed.
[-2028, -1940]
present
 Inferred No Edit
125
Icelandic Commonwealth
* Year Range of Icelandic Commonwealth is assumed.
[930, 1262]
absent
 Confident No Edit
126
Rome - Republic of St Peter II
* Year Range of Rome - Republic of St Peter II is assumed.
[904, 1198]
present
 Confident No Edit
127
Papal States - High Medieval Period
* Year Range of Papal States - High Medieval Period is assumed.
[1198, 1309]
present
 Confident No Edit
128
Papal States - Medieval Period II
* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period II is assumed.
[1648, 1809]
present
 Confident No Edit
129
Middle Roman Republic
* Year Range of Middle Roman Republic is assumed.
[-264, -133]
present
 Confident No Edit
130
Republic of St Peter I
* Year Range of Republic of St Peter I is assumed.
[711, 904]
present
 Confident No Edit
131
Ashikaga Shogunate
* Year Range of Ashikaga Shogunate is assumed.
[1336, 1467]
present
 Confident No Edit
132
Kamakura Shogunate
* Year Range of Kamakura Shogunate is assumed.
[1185, 1333]
present
 Confident No Edit
133
Kansai - Yayoi Period
* Year Range of Kansai - Yayoi Period is assumed.
[-300, 250]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
134
Andronovo
* Year Range of Andronovo is assumed.
[-1800, -1200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
135
Saadi Sultanate
* Year Range of Saadi Sultanate is assumed.
[1554, 1659]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
136
Bamana kingdom
* Year Range of Bamana kingdom is assumed.
[1712, 1861]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
137
Jenne-jeno I
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno I is assumed.
[-250, 49]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
138
Jenne-jeno II
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno II is assumed.
[50, 399]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
139
Eastern Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Eastern Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[583, 630]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
140
Second Turk Khaganate
* Year Range of Second Turk Khaganate is assumed.
[682, 744]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
141
Uigur Khaganate
* Year Range of Uigur Khaganate is assumed.
[745, 840]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
142
Early Xiongnu
* Year Range of Early Xiongnu is assumed.
[-1400, -300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
143
Late Xiongnu
* Year Range of Late Xiongnu is assumed.
[-60, 100]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
144
Xiongnu Imperial Confederation
* Year Range of Xiongnu Imperial Confederation is assumed.
[-209, -60]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
145
Cuzco - Early Intermediate I
* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate I is assumed.
[200, 499]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
146
Cuzco - Early Intermediate II
* Year Range of Cuzco - Early Intermediate II is assumed.
[500, 649]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
147
Cuzco - Late Intermediate I
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate I is assumed.
[1000, 1250]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
148
Cuzco - Late Intermediate II
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Intermediate II is assumed.
[1250, 1400]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
149
Cuzco - Late Formative
* Year Range of Cuzco - Late Formative is assumed.
[-500, 200]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
150
Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Pre-Urban Period is assumed.
[-3200, -2500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
151
Egypt - Kushite Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Kushite Period is assumed.
[-747, -656]
present
 Confident No Edit
152
Sarazm
* Year Range of Sarazm is assumed.
[-3500, -2000]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
153
Byzantine Empire I
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire I is assumed.
[632, 866]
present
 Confident No Edit
154
Late Cappadocia
* Year Range of Late Cappadocia is assumed.
[-322, -93]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
155
Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Early Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-6000, -5500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
156
Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -3000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
157
East Roman Empire
* Year Range of East Roman Empire is assumed.
[395, 631]
present
 Confident No Edit
158
Kingdom of Lydia
* Year Range of Kingdom of Lydia is assumed.
[-670, -546]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
159
Lysimachus Kingdom
* Year Range of Lysimachus Kingdom is assumed.
[-323, -281]
present
 Inferred No Edit
160
Ottoman Empire II
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire II is assumed.
[1517, 1683]
present
 Confident No Edit
161
Ottoman Empire III
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire III is assumed.
[1683, 1839]
present
 Confident No Edit
162
Phrygian Kingdom
* Year Range of Phrygian Kingdom is assumed.
[-900, -695]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
163
Rum Sultanate
* Year Range of Rum Sultanate is assumed.
[1077, 1307]
present
 Inferred No Edit
164
Tabal Kingdoms
* Year Range of Tabal Kingdoms is assumed.
[-900, -730]
present
 Inferred No Edit
165
Cahokia - Early Woodland
* Year Range of Cahokia - Early Woodland is assumed.
[-600, -150]
absent
 Confident No Edit
166
Cahokia - Late Woodland II
* Year Range of Cahokia - Late Woodland II is assumed.
[450, 600]
absent
 Confident No Edit
167
Cahokia - Middle Woodland
* Year Range of Cahokia - Middle Woodland is assumed.
[-150, 300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
168
Funan I
* Year Range of Funan I is assumed.
[225, 540]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
169
Jenne-jeno III
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno III is assumed.
[400, 899]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
170
Mali Empire
* Year Range of Mali Empire is assumed.
[1230, 1410]
present
 Confident No Edit
171
Early Mongols
* Year Range of Early Mongols is assumed.
[1000, 1206]
absent
 Confident No Edit
172
Late Mongols
* Year Range of Late Mongols is assumed.
[1368, 1690]
present
 Inferred No Edit
173
Xianbei Confederation
* Year Range of Xianbei Confederation is assumed.
[100, 250]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
174
Later Wagadu Empire
* Year Range of Later Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[1078, 1203]
present
 Inferred No Edit
175
Monte Alban IIIB and IV
* Year Range of Monte Alban IIIB and IV is assumed.
[500, 900]
absent
 Confident No Edit
176
Kingdom of Norway II
* Year Range of Kingdom of Norway II is assumed.
[1262, 1396]
absent
 Confident No Edit
177
Inca Empire
* Year Range of Inca Empire is assumed.
[1375, 1532]
present
 Confident No Edit
178
Wari Empire
* Year Range of Wari Empire is assumed.
[650, 999]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
179
Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial
* Year Range of Orokaiva - Pre-Colonial is assumed.
[1734, 1883]
absent
 Confident No Edit
180
Orokaiva - Colonial
* Year Range of Orokaiva - Colonial is assumed.
[1884, 1942]
absent
 Confident No Edit
181
Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Ceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-5500, -4000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
182
Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Proto-Historic Period is assumed.
[-1300, -500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
183
Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period
* Year Range of Sind - Abbasid-Fatimid Period is assumed.
[854, 1193]
present
 Inferred No Edit
184
Kachi Plain - Urban Period I
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Urban Period I is assumed.
[-2500, -2100]
present
 Inferred No Edit
185
Umayyad Caliphate
* Year Range of Umayyad Caliphate is assumed.
[661, 750]
present
 Confident No Edit
186
Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia
* Year Range of Middle Bronze Age in Central Anatolia is assumed.
[-2000, -1700]
present
 Inferred No Edit
187
Byzantine Empire II
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire II is assumed.
[867, 1072]
present
 Confident No Edit
188
Konya Plain - Late Neolithic
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Neolithic is assumed.
[-6600, -6000]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
189
Ottoman Emirate
* Year Range of Ottoman Emirate is assumed.
[1299, 1402]
present
 Confident No Edit
190
Ottoman Empire I
* Year Range of Ottoman Empire I is assumed.
[1402, 1517]
present
 Confident No Edit
191
Cahokia - Moorehead
* Year Range of Cahokia - Moorehead is assumed.
[1200, 1274]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
192
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early
* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Early is assumed.
[1566, 1713]
present
 Confident No Edit
193
Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II
* Year Range of Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II is assumed.
[900, 1049]
present
 Inferred No Edit
194
Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty
* Year Range of Yemen - Qasimid Dynasty is assumed.
[1637, 1805]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
195
Durrani Empire
* Year Range of Durrani Empire is assumed.
[1747, 1826]
present
 Confident No Edit
196
Eastern Han Empire
* Year Range of Eastern Han Empire is assumed.
[25, 220]
present
 Confident No Edit
197
Western Jin
* Year Range of Western Jin is assumed.
[265, 317]
present
 Confident No Edit
198
Erlitou
* Year Range of Erlitou is assumed.
[-1850, -1600]
present
 Inferred No Edit
199
Hmong - Early Chinese
* Year Range of Hmong - Early Chinese is assumed.
[1895, 1941]
absent
 Confident No Edit
200
Longshan
* Year Range of Longshan is assumed.
[-3000, -1900]
present
 Inferred No Edit
201
Great Ming
* Year Range of Great Ming is assumed.
[1368, 1644]
present
 Confident No Edit
202
Northern Wei
* Year Range of Northern Wei is assumed.
[386, 534]
present
 Confident No Edit
203
Late Qing
* Year Range of Late Qing is assumed.
[1796, 1912]
present
 Confident No Edit
204
Late Shang
* Year Range of Late Shang is assumed.
[-1250, -1045]
present
 Inferred No Edit
205
Tang Dynasty I
* Year Range of Tang Dynasty I is assumed.
[617, 763]
present
 Confident No Edit
206
Early Wei Dynasty
* Year Range of Early Wei Dynasty is assumed.
[-445, -225]
present
 Confident No Edit
207
Western Han Empire
* Year Range of Western Han Empire is assumed.
[-202, 9]
present
 Confident No Edit
208
British Empire II
* Year Range of British Empire II is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
present
 Confident No Edit
209
Khanate of Bukhara
* Year Range of Khanate of Bukhara is assumed.
[1599, 1747]
present
 Inferred No Edit
210
Rasulid Dynasty
* Year Range of Rasulid Dynasty is assumed.
[1229, 1453]
present
 Inferred No Edit
211
Oaxaca - Tierras Largas
* Year Range of Oaxaca - Tierras Largas is assumed.
[-1400, -1150]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
212
Oaxaca - Rosario
* Year Range of Oaxaca - Rosario is assumed.
[-700, -500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
213
Great Yuan
* Year Range of Great Yuan is assumed.
[1271, 1368]
present
 Confident No Edit
214
Ayyubid Sultanate
* Year Range of Ayyubid Sultanate is assumed.
[1171, 1250]
present
 Confident No Edit
215
Egypt - Dynasty II
* Year Range of Egypt - Dynasty II is assumed.
[-2900, -2687]
present
 Confident No Edit
216
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
* Year Range of Egypt - Middle Kingdom is assumed.
[-2016, -1700]
present
 Confident No Edit
217
Naqada II
* Year Range of Naqada II is assumed.
[-3550, -3300]
present
 Inferred No Edit
218
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period is assumed.
[-1293, -1070]
present
 Confident No Edit
219
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
* Year Range of Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period is assumed.
[-1550, -1293]
present
 Inferred No Edit
220
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
* Year Range of Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period is assumed.
[868, 969]
present
 Confident No Edit
221
Spanish Empire I
* Year Range of Spanish Empire I is assumed.
[1516, 1715]
present
 Confident No Edit
222
Axum I
* Year Range of Axum I is assumed.
[-149, 349]
present
 Confident No Edit
223
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Bourbon is assumed.
[1660, 1815]
present
 Confident No Edit
224
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Late Capetian is assumed.
[1150, 1328]
present
 Confident No Edit
225
Hallstatt B2-3
* Year Range of Hallstatt B2-3 is assumed.
[-900, -700]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
226
La Tene A-B1
* Year Range of La Tene A-B1 is assumed.
[-475, -325]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
227
La Tene B2-C1
* Year Range of La Tene B2-C1 is assumed.
[-325, -175]
present
 Inferred No Edit
228
French Kingdom - Early Valois
* Year Range of French Kingdom - Early Valois is assumed.
[1328, 1450]
present
 Confident No Edit
229
Oaxaca - San Jose
* Year Range of Oaxaca - San Jose is assumed.
[-1150, -700]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
230
Akan - Pre-Ashanti
* Year Range of Akan - Pre-Ashanti is assumed.
[1501, 1701]
present
 Inferred No Edit
231
Ashanti Empire
* Year Range of Ashanti Empire is assumed.
[1701, 1895]
present
 Confident No Edit
232
Iban - Pre-Brooke
* Year Range of Iban - Pre-Brooke is assumed.
[1650, 1841]
absent
 Confident No Edit
233
Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial
* Year Range of Iban - Brooke Raj and Colonial is assumed.
[1841, 1987]
absent
 Confident No Edit
234
Majapahit Kingdom
* Year Range of Majapahit Kingdom is assumed.
[1292, 1518]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
235
Mataram Sultanate
* Year Range of Mataram Sultanate is assumed.
[1568, 1703]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
236
Medang Kingdom
* Year Range of Medang Kingdom is assumed.
[732, 1019]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
237
Delhi Sultanate
* Year Range of Delhi Sultanate is assumed.
[1206, 1526]
present
 Confident No Edit
238
Roman Kingdom
* Year Range of Roman Kingdom is assumed.
[-716, -509]
present
 Inferred No Edit
239
Early Garo
* Year Range of Early Garo is assumed.
[1775, 1867]
absent
 Confident No Edit
240
Late Garo
* Year Range of Late Garo is assumed.
[1867, 1956]
present
 Confident No Edit
241
Maurya Empire
* Year Range of Maurya Empire is assumed.
[-324, -187]
present
 Confident No Edit
242
Mughal Empire
* Year Range of Mughal Empire is assumed.
[1526, 1858]
present
 Confident No Edit
243
Abbasid Caliphate I
* Year Range of Abbasid Caliphate I is assumed.
[750, 946]
present
 Confident No Edit
244
Amorite Babylonia
* Year Range of Amorite Babylonia is assumed.
[-2000, -1600]
present
 Confident No Edit
245
Ur - Dynasty III
* Year Range of Ur - Dynasty III is assumed.
[-2112, -2004]
present
 Confident No Edit
246
Achaemenid Empire
* Year Range of Achaemenid Empire is assumed.
[-550, -331]
present
 Confident No Edit
247
Ak Koyunlu
* Year Range of Ak Koyunlu is assumed.
[1339, 1501]
present
 Confident No Edit
248
Buyid Confederation
* Year Range of Buyid Confederation is assumed.
[932, 1062]
present
 Confident No Edit
249
Ilkhanate
* Year Range of Ilkhanate is assumed.
[1256, 1339]
present
 Confident No Edit
250
Elam - Kidinuid Period
* Year Range of Elam - Kidinuid Period is assumed.
[-1500, -1400]
present
 Inferred No Edit
251
Elam I
* Year Range of Elam I is assumed.
[-900, -744]
present
 Confident No Edit
252
Elam I
* Year Range of Elam I is assumed.
[-900, -744]
absent
 Confident No Edit
253
Elam II
* Year Range of Elam II is assumed.
[-743, -647]
absent
 Confident No Edit
254
Parthian Empire I
* Year Range of Parthian Empire I is assumed.
[-247, 40]
present
 Confident No Edit
255
Parthian Empire II
* Year Range of Parthian Empire II is assumed.
[41, 226]
present
 Confident No Edit
256
Safavid Empire
* Year Range of Safavid Empire is assumed.
[1501, 1722]
present
 Confident No Edit
257
Seleucids
* Year Range of Seleucids is assumed.
[-312, -63]
present
 Confident No Edit
258
Seljuk Sultanate
* Year Range of Seljuk Sultanate is assumed.
[1037, 1157]
present
 Confident No Edit
259
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
* Year Range of Elam - Early Sukkalmah is assumed.
[-1900, -1701]
present
 Inferred No Edit
260
Susa II
* Year Range of Susa II is assumed.
[-3800, -3100]
present
 Confident No Edit
261
Latium - Iron Age
* Year Range of Latium - Iron Age is assumed.
[-1000, -580]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
262
Papal States - Medieval Period I
* Year Range of Papal States - Medieval Period I is assumed.
[1527, 1648]
present
 Confident No Edit
263
Early Roman Republic
* Year Range of Early Roman Republic is assumed.
[-509, -264]
present
 Confident No Edit
264
Late Roman Republic
* Year Range of Late Roman Republic is assumed.
[-133, -31]
present
 Confident No Edit
265
Roman Empire - Principate
* Year Range of Roman Empire - Principate is assumed.
[-31, 284]
present
 Inferred No Edit
266
Republic of Venice III
* Year Range of Republic of Venice III is assumed.
[1204, 1563]
present
 Confident No Edit
267
Asuka
* Year Range of Asuka is assumed.
[538, 710]
present
 Inferred No Edit
268
Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama
* Year Range of Japan - Azuchi-Momoyama is assumed.
[1568, 1603]
present
 Confident No Edit
269
Heian
* Year Range of Heian is assumed.
[794, 1185]
present
 Confident No Edit
270
Nara Kingdom
* Year Range of Nara Kingdom is assumed.
[710, 794]
absent
 Confident No Edit
271
Warring States Japan
* Year Range of Warring States Japan is assumed.
[1467, 1568]
present
 Confident No Edit
272
Tokugawa Shogunate
* Year Range of Tokugawa Shogunate is assumed.
[1603, 1868]
present
 Confident No Edit
273
Classical Angkor
* Year Range of Classical Angkor is assumed.
[1100, 1220]
present
 Confident No Edit
274
Early Angkor
* Year Range of Early Angkor is assumed.
[802, 1100]
present
 Confident No Edit
275
Late Angkor
* Year Range of Late Angkor is assumed.
[1220, 1432]
present
 Confident No Edit
276
Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Aceramic Neolithic is assumed.
[-7500, -5500]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
277
Khmer Kingdom
* Year Range of Khmer Kingdom is assumed.
[1432, 1594]
present
 Confident No Edit
278
Chenla
* Year Range of Chenla is assumed.
[550, 825]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
279
Funan II
* Year Range of Funan II is assumed.
[540, 640]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
280
Phoenician Empire
* Year Range of Phoenician Empire is assumed.
[-1200, -332]
unknown
 Confident No Edit
281
Jenne-jeno IV
* Year Range of Jenne-jeno IV is assumed.
[900, 1300]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
282
Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty
* Year Range of Songhai Empire - Askiya Dynasty is assumed.
[1493, 1591]
present
 Confident No Edit
283
Khitan I
* Year Range of Khitan I is assumed.
[907, 1125]
present
 Confident No Edit
284
Mongol Empire
* Year Range of Mongol Empire is assumed.
[1206, 1368]
present
 Confident No Edit
285
Rouran Khaganate
* Year Range of Rouran Khaganate is assumed.
[300, 555]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
286
Zungharian Empire
* Year Range of Zungharian Empire is assumed.
[1670, 1757]
present
 Inferred No Edit
287
Middle Wagadu Empire
* Year Range of Middle Wagadu Empire is assumed.
[700, 1077]
present
 Inferred No Edit
288
Early Monte Alban I
* Year Range of Early Monte Alban I is assumed.
[-500, -300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
289
Monte Alban Late I
* Year Range of Monte Alban Late I is assumed.
[-300, -100]
absent
 Confident No Edit
290
Monte Alban II
* Year Range of Monte Alban II is assumed.
[-100, 200]
absent
 Confident No Edit
291
Monte Alban III
* Year Range of Monte Alban III is assumed.
[200, 500]
absent
 Confident No Edit
292
Early Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Early Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-1200, -801]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
293
Middle Formative Basin of Mexico
* Year Range of Middle Formative Basin of Mexico is assumed.
[-800, -401]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
294
Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Chalcolithic is assumed.
[-4000, -3200]
absent
 Inferred No Edit
295
Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Post-Urban Period is assumed.
[-1800, -1300]
absent
 Confident No Edit
296
Kachi Plain - Urban Period II
* Year Range of Kachi Plain - Urban Period II is assumed.
[-2100, 1800]
present
 Inferred No Edit
297
Sakha - Early
* Year Range of Sakha - Early is assumed.
[1400, 1632]
absent
 Confident No Edit
298
Sakha - Late
* Year Range of Sakha - Late is assumed.
[1632, 1900]
present
 Confident No Edit
299
Fatimid Caliphate
* Year Range of Fatimid Caliphate is assumed.
[909, 1171]
present
 Inferred No Edit
300
Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II
* Year Range of Konya Plain - Late Bronze Age II is assumed.
[-1500, -1400]
present
 Inferred No Edit
301
Byzantine Empire III
* Year Range of Byzantine Empire III is assumed.
[1073, 1204]
present
 Confident No Edit
302
Hatti - New Kingdom
* Year Range of Hatti - New Kingdom is assumed.
[-1400, -1180]
present
 Confident No Edit
303
Hatti - Old Kingdom
* Year Range of Hatti - Old Kingdom is assumed.
[-1650, -1500]
present
 Inferred No Edit
304
Samanid Empire
* Year Range of Samanid Empire is assumed.
[819, 999]
present
 Confident No Edit
305
Roman Empire - Dominate
* Year Range of Roman Empire - Dominate is assumed.
[285, 394]
present
 Inferred No Edit
306
Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling
* Year Range of Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling is assumed.
[1055, 1199]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
307
Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late
* Year Range of Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Late is assumed.
[1714, 1848]
present
 Confident No Edit
308
Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period
* Year Range of Kingdom of Hawaii - Kamehameha Period is assumed.
[1778, 1819]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
309
Timurid Empire
* Year Range of Timurid Empire is assumed.
[1370, 1526]
present
 Confident No Edit
310
Himyar I
* Year Range of Himyar I is assumed.
[270, 340]
present
 Confident No Edit
311
Himyar II
* Year Range of Himyar II is assumed.
[378, 525]
present
 Confident No Edit
312
Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty
* Year Range of Yemen - Tahirid Dynasty is assumed.
[1454, 1517]
present
 Confident No Edit
313
Yemen - Era of Warlords
* Year Range of Yemen - Era of Warlords is assumed.
[1038, 1174]
present
 Confident No Edit
314
Kingdom of Jimma
* Year Range of Kingdom of Jimma is assumed.
[1790, 1932]
present
 Confident No Edit
315
Emirate of Harar
* Year Range of Emirate of Harar is assumed.
[1650, 1875]
present
 Confident No Edit
316
Sokoto Caliphate
* Year Range of Sokoto Caliphate is assumed.
[1804, 1904]
present
 Confident No Edit
317
Buganda
* Year Range of Buganda is assumed.
[1700, 1894]
present
 Confident No Edit
318
Harla Kingdom
* Year Range of Harla Kingdom is assumed.
[-10000, 2000]
present
 Inferred No Edit
319
Tudor and Early Stuart England
* Year Range of Tudor and Early Stuart England is assumed.
[1486, 1689]
present
 Confident No Edit
320
Oirats
* Year Range of Oirats is assumed.
[1368, 1630]
present
 Confident No Edit
321
Golden Horde
* Year Range of Golden Horde is assumed.
[1240, 1440]
present
 Confident No Edit
322
Saffarid Caliphate
* Year Range of Saffarid Caliphate is assumed.
[861, 1003]
present
 Confident No Edit
323
Lombard Kingdom
* Year Range of Lombard Kingdom is assumed.
[568, 774]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
324
Anglo-Saxon England II
* Year Range of Anglo-Saxon England II is assumed.
[927, 1065]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
325
Khwarezmid Empire
* Year Range of Khwarezmid Empire is assumed.
[1157, 1231]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
326
Hohokam Culture
* Year Range of Hohokam Culture is assumed.
[300, 1500]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit
327
British Empire IIIIIIIIII
* Year Range of British Empire IIIIIIIIII is assumed.
[1850, 1968]
present
 Confident No Edit
328
Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II
* Year Range of Russian Empire, Romanov Dynasty II is assumed.
[1776, 1917]
present
 Confident No Edit
329
Early United Mexican States
* Year Range of Early United Mexican States is assumed.
[1810, 1920]
present
 Confident No Edit
330
Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty
* Year Range of Holy Roman Empire - Ottonian-Salian Dynasty is assumed.
[919, 1125]
present
 Inferred No Edit
331
Ghur Principality
* Year Range of Ghur Principality is assumed.
[1025, 1215]
unknown
 Suspected No Edit